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Electronics Updated July 4, 2025

Solar panels

Solar panels capture sunlight and turn it into electricity for your home. They’re like magic sheets that power your stuff using sunshine!

Category

electronics

Weight

20 kg

Dimensions

1.6m x 1.0m x 0.04m

Released

August 4, 2025

Manufacturer

SunPower

Key Features

In Simple Terms

What it is
A solar panel is a device that turns sunlight into electricity. Think of it like a big, flat battery that gets charged by the sun instead of a wall outlet. It’s made up of smaller units called "solar cells," which work together to capture sunlight and convert it into power you can use at home.

Why people use it
People use solar panels because they’re a clean, renewable way to generate electricity. Unlike fossil fuels (like coal or gas), solar panels don’t produce pollution or run out—as long as the sun shines, they keep working. They also help save money on electric bills over time.

  • Saves money: Once installed, sunlight is free, so you pay less for electricity.
  • Good for the environment: No smoke, fumes, or harmful emissions.
  • Works almost anywhere: As long as there’s sunlight, solar panels can generate power.

  • Basic examples
    Solar panels are used in everyday life in simple but helpful ways. Here are a few examples:

  • Homes: Rooftop solar panels power lights, TVs, and appliances, reducing reliance on the grid.
  • Streetlights: Some lights use small solar panels to charge during the day and glow at night.
  • Calculators: Tiny solar cells in pocket calculators keep them running without batteries.
  • Phone chargers: Portable solar chargers let you power your phone outdoors.

  • Imagine a solar panel like a plant—just as plants use sunlight to grow, solar panels use sunlight to create energy. The more sunlight they get, the more electricity they produce. It’s a simple, smart way to harness nature’s power for everyday needs.

    Technical Details

    What it is


    Solar panels, also known as photovoltaic (PV) panels, are devices designed to convert sunlight into electricity. They fall under the category of renewable energy technologies and are a key component of solar power systems. Solar panels are typically made up of multiple solar cells, which work together to generate direct current (DC) electricity from sunlight.

    How it works


    Solar panels operate on the principle of the photovoltaic effect, where sunlight excites electrons in semiconductor materials, creating an electric current. The process begins when photons from sunlight strike the solar cells, which are usually made of silicon. These photons transfer their energy to electrons in the silicon atoms, freeing them to flow as an electric current.

    The generated DC electricity is then passed through an inverter, which converts it into alternating current (AC) for use in homes or businesses. Some systems include batteries to store excess energy for later use. Solar panels are most efficient in direct sunlight but can still generate power on cloudy days, albeit at reduced efficiency.

    Key components


  • Solar cells: The building blocks of a solar panel, typically made of monocrystalline or polycrystalline silicon.
  • Glass casing: Protects the solar cells from weather and environmental damage.
  • Backsheet: A durable layer that insulates and shields the panel from moisture and heat.
  • Inverter: Converts DC electricity into AC electricity for practical use.
  • Mounting system: Secures the panels to rooftops or ground installations.
  • Wiring: Connects the panels to the inverter and electrical grid.

  • Common use cases


  • Residential electricity generation: Installed on rooftops to power homes and reduce reliance on grid electricity.
  • Commercial and industrial energy: Used by businesses to lower operational costs and meet sustainability goals.
  • Off-grid power systems: Provides electricity in remote areas without access to the utility grid.
  • Solar farms: Large-scale installations that feed electricity directly into the power grid.
  • Portable applications: Powers small devices like solar chargers, lights, and water pumps.